Aither is a double-blind peer review, Open Access online academic journal. It is indexed at ERIH+ and Scopus. It is published by the Faculty of Arts of the Palacký University in Olomouc in cooperation with the Philosophical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It comes out twice a year. Every second issue is international and contains foreign-language articles (mainly in English, but also in German and French). The journal is registered under the number ISSN 1803-7860.
Aither 18/2017:4-21 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2017.005 
The concept of sense perception constitutes considerable part of Aristotle's De anima. As such, this concept is abundant source of his philosophical thoughts. In this paper, I shall focus on two Aristotle's propositions about sense perception: 1) a sense organ is potentially as such, as his sense object is actually; 2) a sense is a capacity to receive sensible form without the matter. By analyzing this propositions, I shall expose their mutual connection. I shall also expose important and indispensable role of potentiality and actuality in Aristotle's concept of sense perception. I shall sketch the modern debate between materialist and spiritualist...
Aither 18/2017:22-39 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2017.006
Bacon himself calls his work The New Organon. He draws attention to the fact that Aristotle's set of logical and methodological writings, traditionally called Organon, is not the right way of acquiring knowledge. Between Bacon's new method and Aristotle's system are at first sight many apparent differences. A closer look could reveal that the border between them is not as sharp as it appears. The aim of this study is to highlight some of theirs similarities mainly with focus on their strong metaphysical belief that behind things we are able to reveal something common and constitutional for them. Even so sharp a difference between Aristotle...
Aither 18/2017:40-57 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2017.007
The article deals with St. Bonaventure's reception of Aristotelianism in the theory of knowledge. It focuses on both sensual and intellectual cognition and reconstructs the main features of St. Bonaventure's epistemology. While in the realm of senses Bonaventure follows mainly Aristotle as a master of knowledge, in the realm of intellect he is mostly depended on Plato, as the master of wisdom, and St. Augustine. However, the sensual cognition is in Bonaventure influenced by Augustinianism, and intellectual cognition is described with the help of Aristotelian terminology. Bonaventure tries to harmonize both traditions. On the one hand he accepts the...
Aither 18/2017:58-79 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2017.008
Late medieval philosopher Walter Burley (ca. 1275-1344) briefly treated his theory of truth in two different forms. The early version of his theory was presented in so-called "middle commentary" of Aristotle's On Interpretation. In this text Doctor planus et perspicuus defines the truth - in a logical sense - as an adequacy (adaequatio) of a "subjective" mental proposition (i.e. proposition composed out of concepts) with a propositional complex of things known as a real proposition (propositio in re), However, in his late commentary on the same Aristotle's work, compiled in 1337,Burley did not take real propositions into...
