Aither is a double-blind peer review, Open Access online academic journal. It is indexed at ERIH+ and Scopus. It is published by the Faculty of Arts of the Palacký University in Olomouc in cooperation with the Philosophical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It comes out twice a year. Every second issue is international and contains foreign-language articles (mainly in English, but also in German and French). The journal is registered under the number ISSN 1803-7860.
Aither 26/2021 (International issue no. 9):4-23 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.003 
Philosophical terms are subject to a variety of interpretations depending on, and / or determining the entire context in which they occur. Amor intellectualis dei, a composite notion from philosophical theology, assumes different aspects according to the emphasis laid on one or the other of its three elements. This can be shown by highlighting the different approaches of three thinkers, in whose philosophy the intellectual love towards god plays a central role: Meister Eckhart, Marsilio Ficino, and Benedict Spinoza.
Aither 26/2021 (International issue no. 9):24-41 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.001
Girolamo Cardano wrote, besides his better-known treatises on natural philosophy and his autobiographies, some treatises (Hymnus seu canticum ad Deum, De uno, De sapientia) that define wisdom as a human skill of orientation in the world, specifically as a feature of human nature, as ethical and political means, and as the capability of dominating things and humans. The effect is that human wisdom, although apparently a divine virtue, is reduced to the capability and task of humans to secure their position, to make sense, and to make conjectures about the principles of human agency. This eventually regards religion and God: everything is a hypothesis...
Aither 26/2021 (International issue no. 9):42-59 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.002
The article aims at critically exploring David Hume’s analysis of the divine being with respect to the widely accepted cosmological argument. Part IX of Hume’s work in the Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion reflects the formulation of the cosmological argument in the form of a deductive proof through the voice of a character named Demea. The author then counters Demea’s version of this argument through the voice of his next important character named Cleanthes. The main purpose of the paper is the reconstruction of the proofs in a form amenable to logical analysis in propositional logic which demonstrates that all of the proofs...
Aither 26/2021 (International issue no. 9):60-77 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.004
In this paper, I offer a synthetic presentation of Jan Patočka’s account of the spiritual roots of Europe. On this account, the most fundamental principle of Europe’s spiritual life is the so-called care for the soul (epimeleia tés psychés). From the very beginning, Patočka argues, the principle had two forms: the Democritean and the Socratic-Platonic one. The Democritean was characterized by an unworldly contemplation of the unchangeable principles of the universe. In the Socratic-Platonic form of the care for the soul, the contemplative element has only a subordinated role. At least as important was the ethical-political and the eschatological...
