Aither je odborný elektronický časopis zařazený do databází ERIH+ a Scopus. Je vydáván Filozofickou fakultou Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci ve spolupráci s Filosofickým ústavem Akademie věd ČR. Vychází dvakrát ročně. Každé druhé číslo je mezinárodní (International Issue) a jsou v něm publikovány cizojazyčné články (především v angličtině, ale i v němčině a francouzštině). Časopis je registrován pod číslem ISSN 1803-7860.
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Aither 32/2024 (International issue no. 12):90-94 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2025.003 
Aither 32/2024 (International issue no. 12):72-89 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2025.001
This paper examines Leone Ebreo’s Dialoghi d’Amore (1535), a celebrated Renaissance work of Jewish thought renowned for its syncretic, enigmatic, and encyclopaedic character. The main objective of this paper is to explore love as an ontological principle, a cosmic and universal force that binds together all beings, both animate and inanimate. The analysis begins with Leone’s conceptualisation of love within animals and humans, including his classification of the various causes of love. The paper then considers his arguments for the existence of ‘love in inanimate entities’, examining the similarities and differences between...
Aither 32/2024 (International issue no. 12):42-71 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.009
Aristotle’s conception of the natural slave remains a contentious issue. I challenge two common interpretations that misrepresent his account. The first holds that natural slaves share the same human nature as free men, with their deficiency arising from their actions and habituation. The second sees the natural slave as a subhuman, closer to animals, with an innate and ineliminable rational defect. I reject both views and argue that Aristotle sees the natural slave as a legitimate human being but with a rational deficiency. Furthermore, I contend that this deficiency is more severe than some scholars acknowledge, particularly those who take...
Aither 32/2024 (International issue no. 12):4-41 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2025.002
The article explores the beginnings of the integration of the term psyche into Presocratic philosophy. The author’s main aim was to examine whether the traditional authorities with which the new use of psyche is usually associated would actually hold up in this role if the doxographic tradition is left aside. The Orphics and Pythagoreans, who are often regarded as the founders of the doctrine of immortal psyche in the 6th century BCE, could not have played this role because, on the one hand, it is not attested by authentic texts and, on the other hand, the historical development of the meanings of psyche contradicts it. This is also the case...
Aither 31/2024:112-117 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.010
Aither 31/2024:26-61 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.011
This article explores the medieval origins and antecedents of contemporary marriage rights as articulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The foundational document of modern human rights asserts 1) that all human beings have the right to marry; 2) that marriages are to be entered into through free and uncoerced consent of the spouses; and 3) that both marriage partners are to enjoy equal rights. The argument is made that these principles are not strictly speaking modern innovations, but rather the resultof the long legal and doctrinal evolution of marriage, reaching back to the Middle Ages, and in part to Antiquity. The influence...
Aither 31/2024:90-103 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.008
The term immanence in philosophy is associated with the modern era, but according to some advocates of the so-called philosophy of immanence, which begins with Descartes and culminates with Hegel (G. Gentile), its foundations were laid already in the Renaissance, especially Giordano Bruno is mentioned in this context. Following this statement, the article focuses on the Renaissance notion of immanence. The concept was understood primarily as an epistemological category, based on the reading of Aristotle and hismedieval commentators, and relates to the problem of the activities of the human soul. In contrast, immanence as a metaphysical category...
Aither 31/2024:104-111 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.006
Aither 31/2024:4-25 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.007
The so-called Five Modes of Agrippa – the first of discrepancy, the second of regress ad infinitum, the third of relativity, the fourth of hypothesis, and the fifth of reciprocity – are reported by only two surviving ancient sources; Diogenes Laertius attributes them to the otherwise unknown Agrippa. We can only assume that Agrippa was an important systematic philosopher of the later Pyrrhonian scepticism and that he (together with his followers or disciples) wrote a set of the Five Modes. Sextus Empiricus makes no mention of Agrippa in his writings; and he attributes the Five Modes only to the later Sceptics, as opposed to the older Sceptics...
Aither 31/2024:62-89 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.008
The early modern mechanics, as developed in the works of Descartes, Newton, and Wolff, introduced as its principle (in some cases, as axiom) the law of inertia, stating that “every body perseveres in its state of being at rest or of moving uniformly straight forward, except insofar as it is compelled to change itsstate by forces impressed.” The present paper presents the eighteenth-century debates on the law by the Augustinian Eusebius Amort (1692–1775) in his Philosophia Pollingana (first edition published 1730) and by the Jesuit Berthold Hauser (1713–1762) in his Elementa philosophiae (8 volumes published between 1755...
