Aither is a double-blind peer review, Open Access online academic journal. It is indexed at ERIH+ and Scopus. It is published by the Faculty of Arts of the Palacký University in Olomouc in cooperation with the Philosophical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It comes out twice a year. Every second issue is international and contains foreign-language articles (mainly in English, but also in German and French). The journal is registered under the number ISSN 1803-7860.
Aither 30/2023 (International issue no. 11):4-25 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.006 
This paper contributes to the discourse about how to characterize one of the most misunderstood and diversely interpreted religious philosophers, Baruch Spinoza. I begin by focusing on the widely different ways that Spinoza’s teaching about God has been characterized, finding the root in these divergencies in the unique way that he defined words. The paper then examines the arguments for treating Spinoza first as an atheist, then as a pantheist, and lastly as a panentheist, arguing that the third of these terms is clearly the most faithful if his texts are to be taken at face value. Finally, the paper presents Spinoza as a bridge builder between...
Aither 30/2023 (International issue no. 11):26-61 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.007
During the late 1610s, the Iberian philosopher and theologian Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641) authored Disputations on Faith, now preserved as a manuscript in Dublin, The Library of Trinity College Dublin, ms. 298. The text, apparently originating as part of Hurtado’s teaching in Salamanca, included a comprehensive account of theological virtues and is currently the earliest known witness to Hurtado’s theological career. As part of his discussion of theological issues relating to faith, Hurtado addresses a wide range of epistemological issues, including the general accounts of certainty and evidence and issues specific...
Aither 30/2023 (International issue no. 11):62-81 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.005
This paper endeavours to examine the function of pain in Aristotle’s ethical philosophy. First, it delves into the relationship between pleasure and activity before directing its attention towards the relationship between pain and activity. While certain pains can be interpreted as kineseis that drive an animal out of its natural state, in the ethical domain, that pain which is understood as hindering the energeia assumes greater significance. This paper expounds on the implications of this idea of pain as an impediment to the activities of human and animal life and its connection to other vital areas of Aristotle’s philosophical...
Aither 30/2023 (International issue no. 11):82-86 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.005
