Aither je odborný elektronický časopis zařazený do databází ERIH+ a Scopus. Je vydáván Filozofickou fakultou Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci ve spolupráci s Filosofickým ústavem Akademie věd ČR. Vychází dvakrát ročně. Každé druhé číslo je mezinárodní (International Issue) a jsou v něm publikovány cizojazyčné články (především v angličtině, ale i v němčině a francouzštině). Časopis je registrován pod číslem ISSN 1803-7860.
Na úvodní straně naleznete nejnovější mezinárodní číslo, nejnovější české číslo najdete v archivu.
Aither 25/2021:4-37 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2021.003 
The main aim of this paper is to thoroughly analyse Plato’s simile of the cave. Since it is closely tied to two previous smiles (namely the Sun and the Line), the first section of the paper is devoted to a brief recapitulation of the content of these similes and their relation to the Cave. Then, the simile of the cave itself is being scrutinized. It is argued that in order to understand the simile properly, one must distinguish between different contexts in which Plato applies it. It is claimed that although they are mutually non-transferable (and so, as many scholars think, a consistent interpretation of the whole simile cannot be given), they...
Aither 25/2021:38-49 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2021.004
Lorenzo Valla’s dialogue On Free Will is the first explicit critique of Boëthius’ Consolation of Philosophy, more precisely of it’s the fifth book which deals with the issue of the harmony between God’s prescience and human free decision. Valla refuses Boëthius’ philosophical solution as too dependent on pagan philosophyand instead of rationalistic argument proposes rhetoric argument. The article analyzes principles and strategies of Valla’s humanistic approach that aims to show the absurdity of the issue if it is solved by means of philosophical tools.
Aither 25/2021:50-68 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2021.002
The use of teleological language in biology is burdened with many difficulties. Speakers in everyday and scientific discourse confuse functions with purposes and misunderstand functionality, finality, and intentionality. The paper is structured into three sections. In the first part the difference between Platonic supranatural and Aristotelian quasi-natural account of teleology will be explained, with examples from the history of philosophy of biology. The second part will present the Darwinian approach to etiology that constitutes a more sound alternative to the teleological explanation. In the last section I will briefly introduce the teleological...
Aither 25/2021:70-73 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2021.001
