Aither is a double-blind peer review, Open Access online academic journal. It is indexed at ERIH+ and Scopus. It is published by the Faculty of Arts of the Palacký University in Olomouc in cooperation with the Philosophical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It comes out twice a year. Every second issue is international and contains foreign-language articles (mainly in English, but also in German and French). The journal is registered under the number ISSN 1803-7860.
Aither 22/2019 (International issue no. 6):4-48 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2019.005 
The modern edition of the Arabic commentary to a Greek Pythagorean poem known as the Golden Verses, attributed to Proclus, was first published in 1984, more than a quarter century ago. Despite the fact that this Graeco-Arabic text is an interesting example of a late antique Neoplatonic philosophical commentary and it offers a Neoplatonic interpretation of various elements of the Pythagorean tradition, it has hardly been studied as such at all. In this article I argue that there exist enough arguments to conclude that this text contains a number of genuine Neoplatonic elements and should be studied along with the other late antique texts from...
Aither 22/2019 (International issue no. 6):50-73 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2019.006
The article offers an in-depth analysis in the form of a close reading of the very beginning of Book X of Plato's Laws. It focuses on a passage where Plato defines three types of impiety which he claims to be the source of a wrong conception of the divine, the world, and human actions. To better understand Plato's seemingly conservative but actually uncommon and problematic definition of impiety, it is contrasted with partly similar reasoning of Xenophon's Socrates. By situating this key passage of the Laws within the context of the entire dialogue and within the relevant contemporary discussions, we arrive at a better understanding of...
Aither 22/2019 (International issue no. 6):74-86 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2019.007
Situationist Challenge in moral philosophy refers to the contemporary criticism of Aristotle's concept of moral character. It is based on a different area than the previous criticism, and thus presents a new challenge to the classical theory. Whether or not this critique is successful in challenging the empirical and normative adequacy of the Aristotelian concept, it is linked with an extensive discussion. I considered it important to explore what we can learn about the classical theory in the mirror of contemporary moral psychology. In this paper, I will introduce some of the aspects which constitute the Aristotelian concept of moral character, but...
Aither 22/2019 (International issue no. 6):88-100 | DOI: 10.5507/aither.2019.008
Aristotle had not treated autonomously the subject of fear and he had not formulated an independent theory for it. Instead, he chose to handle fear within the differentiated framework of four of his treatises: Poetica, Ethica Nicomachea, Rhetorica and De Anima, so as to illuminate the varied aspects of it. In Poetica, fear is a singularly emotional situation, aiming at the production of sentiments on behalf of (every kind of) an audience. In Ethica Nicomachea, the emotion of fear is related to acts of violence and is defined as the anticipation of the fearful and the evil. In Rhetorica, it is defined...
